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Home » Archive » 2023

TDK conference 2023

Detailed characterization of salmonella strains isolated from Hungarian pigs
Kis Endre - year 5
University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Department of Pathology
Supervisor: Dr. Albert Ervin

Abstract:

Salmonella outbreaks are now a major problem from a food hygiene, animal and human health perspective. Moreover, many non-host-specific strains in pigs are capable of infecting humans. Further difficulties are caused by the rapid spread of new, more virulent serotypes such as monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium (MST) and the high level of resistance of strains to antibiotics. The aim of our study was to identify the serotype and resistance characteristics of Salmonella strains causing enteric symptoms in pigs in Hungary.

The samples used in my thesis were from animals with enteric symptoms from pig farms in Hungary, which were sent to the laboratory of the Production Animal Diagnostic Centre, Üllő, Hungary, for routine diagnostics. Between 2020 and 2022, 111 samples from 87 submissions from 57 farms of 49 holdings met our criteria. Pre-enrichment selective-differentiation culture technique was used to detect the pathogen in the samples. Serotyping of Salmonella isolates was carried out in an external laboratory. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the strains was performed against 12 antimicrobial agents using disc diffusion or minimum inhibitory concentration tests, such as microdilution tests or gradient test strips.

Out of 111 isolates, 87 could be considered for serotyping. In total, 16 different serotypes were identified, of which more than 70% were S. Typhimurium and its monophasic variant. Among the remaining 30%, 14 additional serotypes, mostly relevant for animal and human infections, were identified.

The clinically relevant agents used in the treatment of enteric symptoms in pigs showed varying rates of resistance, with particularly high rates of resistance observed for tetracycline (76%) and gentamicin (40%).

In our studies, the dominant serotype was MST, which showed a rate of more than 55% among all typed isolates. A sharp increase in the proportion of MST has been reported in several European and non-European countries over the last 20 years, both in pig and human samples. However, comparing the European data with our own results, it can be said that in Hungary the prevalence of MST in pig samples is outstanding, which raises human health issues due to the outstanding virulence and zoonotic potential of these strains.



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