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Home » Archive » 2023

TDK conference 2023

Examination of antibiotic resistance among bacterium strains originated from domestic rabbits
Harmath Angéla Noémi - year 5
University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
Supervisor: Dr. Zoltán Somogyi

Abstract:

The global problem of antibiotic resistance affects both public and animal health. Escherichia coli is a Gram-negative bacterium that can cause diseases to animal species among them rabbits. The initial symptoms of diarrhea may worsen and hemorrhagic enteritis or even life-threatening septicemia may develop. Pasteurella multocida is a Gram-negative pathogen too that is usually asymptomatic on mucous membranes. Shall the immune system weaken due to a predisposing factor, the first symptoms appear in the form of a disease affecting the respiratory system or even other organs. Staphylococcus – a Gram-positive bacterium – often outbursts in large-scale rabbit farms and can cause local suppuration and abscess formation on the rabits’ body or even death as a result of the breakdown of their respiratory system.

As part of this research we determined the minimal inhibitory concentration of 18 different antibiotics (amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftiofur, cefquinome, neomycin, gentamicin, oxytetracycline, doxycycline, tylosin, tilmicosin, tylvalosin, tulathromycin, lincomycin, tiamulin, florfenicol, colistin, enrofloxacin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim) as well as the respective MIC50 and MIC90 values in relation to 104 pcs of P. multocida, 85 pcs of E. coli and 13 pcs of Staphylococcus isolates of domestic rabbit origin.

P. multocida and Staphylococcus were sensitive to amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, while the majority of E. coli isolates showed resistance towards them. Ceftiofur and cefquinome proved to be effective against all the three pathogens, exclusively E. coli strains showed resistance of all the examined samples. During the examination of neomycin and gentamicin we found resistance in a large number of isolates for all three bacterial species. We obtained diverse results using oxytetracycline and doxycycline, resistance can only be clearly established in relation to E. coli isolates. The MIC values of antibiotics tylosin, tilmicosin, tylvalosin, tulathromycin and lincomycin against E. coli and Staphylococcus were exceptionally high. Only some of the P. multocida showed sensitivity to these active substances, the distribution of their MIC values was more uniform. The examination of tiamulin showed clear resistance of the E. coli strains. However, we obtained diverse results as a result of the examination of P. multocida and Staphylococcus. Most P. multocida isolates were sensitive to florfenicol but the other two bacterial species showed resistance. During the colistin test, the MIC90 value of all three pathogens exceeded 16 µg/ml. The tested P. multocida was sensitive to enrofloxacin but most of the E. coli and Staphylococcus were resistant. E. coli and Staphylococcus isolates were not sensitive to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, while the MIC50 value of P. multocida isolates was very favorable, equalling to 4 µg/ml.



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