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Home » Archive » 2023 » Veterinary Session

Veterinary session

Studying the effects of deoxynivalenol and baicalin in chicken derived three dimensional hepatic cell cultures
Batta Laura Nóra - year 4
University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry
Supervisors: Júlia Vörösházi, Gábor Mátis

Abstract:

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by different types of fungi. The most important mycotoxins are the trichothecene mycotoxins produced by several Fusarium spp. An important member of these is deoxynivalenol (DON, vomitoxin), whose main cellular effects are the inhibition of protein synthesis and the stimulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, thus the induction of oxidative stress, the impairment of cell membrane integrity as well as the initiation of inflammatory processes. Because of these characteristics, studying chemicals that could prevent these harmful effects is essential. Baicalin (BAI) is a flavonoid isolated from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis and it is known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antitumor effects.

In the present study, the inflammatory effect of DON and the protective role of BAI were investigated in chicken-derived three-dimensional (3D) hepatic cell cultures. 3D cultures were created by magnetic 3D bioprinting method. Cell cultures were treated with two different DON (2 and 20 µg/ml) and three different BAI (5, 15 and 45 µg/ml) concentrations as well as with their combinations. The viability of the cells was determined by CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) assay and the cell membrane damage was assessed by measuring the activity of the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme. To monitor the inflammatory processes, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) concentrations were measured using chicken-specific ELISA tests.

The metabolic activity of the cells was increased by all applied BAI concentrations, while treatment with both of the DON concentrations decreased it compared to the control cultures. In case of the cells treated with both concentrations of DON, all three BAI increased the cell viability. The activity of LDH was reduced by all of the used BAI concentration, while was elevated by the lower concentration of DON. Furthermore, in cultures treated with the higher concentration of DON, only the highest BAI could reduce the LDH activity. IL-6 levels were elevated in the lower DON concentration treated cells by the lowest BAI, while in the higher DON concentration treated cells, they were increased by the two lower BAI treatments. The quantity of IL-8 was increased in the lower DON concentration treated groups in response to the two lower BAI treatments. Compared to untreated cells, the highest applied BAI, while in the lower DON concentration treated cells, the middle and the highest applied BAI could decrease the quantity of IFN-γ. In case of the cells treated with the higher DON, the middle BAI concentration increased the amount of IFN-γ.

Our results showed that DON had a negative impact on the cells, which BAI was able to attenuate at certain concentration. Because of this effect, it can be assumed that after further in vivo experiments BAI could be used as a feed supplement in livestock, improving animal health and thereby production.



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