TDK conference 2025

Euthanasia is among the most emotionally and ethically challenging of veterinary medicine's obligations. Judgment of the right time requires clinical experience, ethical judgment, emotional sensitivity, as well as communication among veterinarians and pet owners. The decision-making process, though integral to daily practice, has been poorly investigated.

The study investigated euthanasia decisions regarding small animals made by veterinarians and pet owners. Using a mixed-methods study comprising a online survey with pet owners alongside semi-structured interviews of two veterinarians with differing experiences, this investigation aimed to contextualize reasons underlying euthanasia, application of quality-of-life (QoL) tools, feelings of distress and satisfaction with communication by veterinarians. The survey also assessed ethical conflict, consideration of feelings, and measures of communication.

Responses reflected that euthanasia decisions depended upon a combination of clinical signs, affective attachment, moral considerations, and communicative ability. Owners experienced a strong affective load, and felt support by veterinarians was associated with decreased distress and greater satisfaction. The veterinarians themselves referred to medical justification, sensitivity, and clear communication as a key to guiding owners along this process.

The study highlights the prominent role of communication and moral support in euthanasia considerations and further stresses enhancing instruction in veterinary science, communication competence, and mental support services among practitioners in the profession.